Breaking the Silence: Combatting Gender-Based Violence in Somalia By Abdimajiid Yusuf, Volunteer Member at Global Mental Health Awareness (GYMHA)

As we mark the International Day for the Elimination of Violence Against Women, kicking off the 16 Days of Activism, which culminates on Human Rights Day, December 10th. This day is a powerful reminder of the global need to end gender-based violence (GBV), including in Somalia. Decades of conflict and instability have affected women and girls across the country, but local activism continues to raise awareness and challenge these issues.

The Pain of Gender-Based Violence in Somalia

Somalia has one of the highest rates of GBV globally. Years of conflict have worsened the problem, especially in regions with weak security. The United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) identifies several forms of GBV in Somalia, including domestic violence, sexual violence, exploitation, child marriage, and female genital mutilation (FGM). These practices are deeply rooted in cultural norms, making it difficult for survivors to seek justice.

According to UNFPA data, one in three women in Somalia has experienced physical or sexual violence in her lifetime. Women and girls in internally displaced persons (IDP) camps are particularly vulnerable due to poverty and a lack of legal protection, which increases their risk of violence and exploitation.

Local Efforts and Activism

Despite these challenges, local organizations are stepping up to combat GBV and support survivors. The Somali Women Development Centre (SWDC) is a leading grassroots organization that works to break the stigma surrounding GBV and informs survivors of their rights. It also provides legal aid and psychosocial support. Another prominent group is Elman Peace, founded by the late activist Elman Ali Ahmed, which offers safe spaces and vocational training for women affected by violence.

During the 16 Days of Activism, these organizations, alongside international partners, intensified their efforts through public awareness campaigns and community events. Their goal is to end the silence surrounding GBV, encourage survivors to speak out and offer comprehensive support for healing and rebuilding lives.

Challenges Ahead

Somalia faces several structural challenges in its fight against GBV. The country’s laws on violence against women are weak, and efforts to pass critical legislation, such as the Sexual Offenses Bill have been delayed due to political instability and cultural resistance. This bill would provide stronger legal protections for women and girls against violence, but progress has been slow. Survivors also face obstacles in accessing healthcare and support services, particularly in rural areas. Many women who need counseling or medical care cannot receive it due to a lack of facilities and trained professionals.

Take Action: Stand with Survivors and End the Violence

As we observe the International Day for the Elimination of Violence Against Women and the start of the 16 Days of Activism, it’s crucial to reflect on both the progress made and the challenges ahead. Ending GBV in Somalia requires collaboration between government officials, community leaders, activists, and international organizations.

Here’s how we can support the cause:

  • Educate and Advocate: Engage in community discussions, social media, or educational campaigns to raise awareness about GBV.
  • Donate and Volunteer: Support local organizations like SWDC and Elman Peace that are leading efforts to help survivors.
  • Call for Legal Reform: Advocate for the passage of the Sexual Offenses Bill and stronger legal protections for women and girls.
  • Challenge Cultural Norms: Promote conversations that challenge harmful practices and encourage gender equality.
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